What should the tension in bottom conductors be in relation to the top conductors?

The correct concept here is that the tension in bottom conductors should be 3% less than that in the top conductors. This design consideration is important for ensuring that the overall tension in the support system is balanced and avoids excessive stress on the transmission lines.

Understanding the dynamics of conductor tension is crucial, especially in overhead power lines, where the arrangement of conductors affects both electrical and mechanical properties. The top conductors typically carry higher tension due to physical forces, including their weight and wind load. If the bottom conductors were equal to the top in tension or greater, it could lead to issues such as uneven strain on the support structures and possible failure or sagging of the lines.

Therefore, maintaining a tension that is 3% less in the bottom conductors promotes a more effective load distribution and helps accommodate environmental factors like wind or ice loading, which can affect the overall system integrity. This principle ensures the system's safety and reliability, addressing potential mechanical failures while optimizing the performance of the electrical grid.