What is the term for surface damage identifiable by black deposits on a conductor?

The term for surface damage identifiable by black deposits on a conductor is oxidation. When conductors, especially those made of copper, are exposed to the environment, they can react with oxygen and moisture, leading to the formation of a black oxide layer. This black deposit is a specific indicator of oxidation, which can impede conductivity and lead to further deterioration if not addressed.

Corrosion refers to a broader category of damage involving gradual destruction due to chemical reactions, which may not always produce black deposits. Abrasion typically involves physical wear or scratching of the surface, which does not manifest as black deposits. Contamination might suggest the presence of foreign substances on the conductor, but it doesn't specifically describe the black deposit linked with oxidation. Understanding these terms is essential for maintaining conductor integrity and ensuring electrical systems function effectively.